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Royal Air Force Gibraltar or more simply RAF Gibraltar, also formerly known as North Front, is a Royal Air Force station on Gibraltar. No military aircraft are currently stationed there, but RAF, Commonwealth and aircraft of other NATO nations will periodically arrive for transient stopovers, exercises, or other temporary duty. Administered by British Forces Gibraltar, the station is a joint civil-military facility that also functions as the Rock's civilian airport – Gibraltar Airport, with the civilian airport's passenger terminal building and apron facilities located on the north side of the runway while the apron and hangar of RAF Gibraltar are located on the south side of the runway. ==History== A Royal Naval Air Service seaplane base was opened at Gibraltar during the First World War.〔(Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation - RAF Stations )〕 The airport was constructed during World War II when Gibraltar was an important naval base for the British. Originally opened in 1939, it was only an emergency airfield for the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm. However, the runway was later extended by reclaiming some land from the Bay of Gibraltar using rock blasted from the Rock of Gibraltar while carrying out works on military tunnels. This last major extension of the runway allowed larger aircraft to land at Gibraltar. At this time the airfield completely obliterated the former Gibraltar horse racing track. On 25 September 1939, No. 200 (Coastal) Group RAF was formed as a subordinate formation to HQ RAF Mediterranean in control of No. 202 Squadron RAF.〔 The Group's function was the control of Royal Air Force units operating from Gibraltar.〔 In late 1940 the Group was transferred to Coastal Command.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Air of Authority—A History of RAF Organisation )〕 Later a joint RN/RAF Area Combined Headquarters was formed which commenced operations in early 1942.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The History of RAF Gibraltar )〕 RAF North Front opened in 1942 and RAF New Camp opened around the same time. The airfield played a major part in Operation Torch, the Anglo-American invasion of French North Africa (French colonial possessions in Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco) during the war. Following the major reorganization of the Allied air forces at the Casablanca Conference in January 1943, RAF Gibraltar became a major sub-command of the Mediterranean Air Command under Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder in February 1943. On 29 May 1945 the Area Combined Headquarters was shut down and most of the personnel sent home.〔Lee, 1989, 197.〕 Weather flights from Gibraltar were maintained at the end of the war by No. 520 Squadron RAF flying Halifaxes. This was superseded by a detachment of No. 518 Squadron RAF from Aldergrove, and then by the arrival of No. 224 Squadron RAF. Initially the squadron dispatched a detachment in May 1948, but the whole squadron moved to Gibraltar in August 1951.〔Lee, Wings in the Sun, 1989, 197, 198.〕 It was re-equipped with Avro Shackletons. The station officially became "RAF Gibraltar" in 1966. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「RAF Gibraltar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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